Essay on Abortion - 2839 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Abortion is the termination of pregnancy before birth, resulting in, or accompanied by, the death of the fetus. Some abortions occur naturally because a fetus does not develop normally. Or because the mother has an injury or disorder that prevents her from carrying the pregnancy to a full term. This type of abortion is commonly known as a miscarriage. Other abortions are induced. Induced abortions are intentionally brought on, either because a pregnancy is unwanted or presents a risk to a woman’s health. Induced abortion has become one of the most ethical and philosophical issues of the late 20th century. Modern medical techniques have made induced abortions simpler and less dangerous. But in the United†¦show more content†¦Or the point when a man’s sperm fertilizes a woman’s egg. Typical side effects of the morning-after pill may include nausea, headache, dizziness, breast tenderness, and sometimes fluid retention. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;During the first seven weeks of pregnancy a combination of two drugs can be given in pill form to make a fetus. A pregnant woman first takes a drug which blocks progesterone, which is a hormone needed to maintain pregnancy. About 48 hours later she takes another drug which is a hormone like chemical produced by the body that causes contractions of the uterus, the organ in which the fetus develops. These contractions expel the fetus. Misoprostol, which is another kind of drug can also induce abortion when it is mixed with a different drug that interferes with cell division. A doctor first injects a pregnant woman with one kind of drug and about a week later the woman takes another drug to induce contractions and to expel to fetus. When you combine these two kinds of drugs it usually ends pregnancy effectively according to the 95 percent of the woman who have taken them. Although, some woman experience cramps, bleeding and nausea. Some of the cases are more ser ious, such as pneumonia, edema, arrhythmia and they effect the heart and lungs which may cause death. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After the first 16 weeks of pregnancy , abortion becomes more difficult.Show MoreRelatedAbortion : Abortion And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion Abortion is defined in several ways all of which stop a pregnancy. There are different ways of abortion, which are spontaneous abortion, surgical abortion, and medical abortion. Abortion has been arguable topic for decades. One can neither believe abortion to be good nor bad. The idea of individuality and human life is not quite the same. Idea of human life has come from conception; simultaneously on the other hand, fertilizer eggs used for in vitro fertilization are also human lives butRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesPaper: Abortion Laws The topic of abortion is a widely debated and very heated topic in Texas. The Republican party’s platform supports family values and are completely against abortion under any circumstances, including abortifacients. The Democrat party’s platform supports the rights for women to make choices about their own bodies. They support abortifacients and a person’s right to have an abortion. There is also a large percentage of those that are in the middle in that they believe abortion shouldRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States there are more than a billion abortions performed each year. Since the court case Roe vs Wade in 1973 more than 56 million babies have been murdered in the United States before they had the chance to take their first breath (Snyder, Michael). These statics along with many more show the huge injustice that is happening in the country I call home. Abortion is defined as the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy. It can include any of variousRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Anti Abortion1624 Words   |  7 Pagesa very large controversy between the ideas about abortion and anti-abortion. Different religious views, beliefs, peoples many different customs and even people of different cultures all have their own preferences and ideas on the take of this political issue. Views against abortion can lead to as much of an impact as a violent/non violent riots outside of an abortion clinics, to something as simple article in the newspaper. The belief on abortion that leads to a lot of the controversy is that inRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion Essay1656 Words   |  7 Pages An abortion is when the pregnancy of a women is ended; it is called sometimes Termination of pregnancy. There are two types of abortion. The first type is the spontaneous abortion; it occurs within the first two months. What causes it is frequently unknown yet is probably the results of intra-uterine contamination, or limited attachment in the building unborn child to the interior coating walls in the womb (uterus). Such conditions this unborn child, if the idea advances further, mayRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion953 Words   |  4 Pagesdebates that is constantly talked about is abortion. When it comes to abortion, the laws vary depending on the state you live in. Whether people support or are against abortion, few actually know about the abortion process. Have you ever heard of suction aspiration or prostaglandin chemical abortion? Those are two of the various methods that are performed in the different trimesters of pregnancy. According to writer Steven Ertelt of Li feNews.com, Oklahoma’s abortion laws are restrictive compared to otherRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion1930 Words   |  8 PagesAbortion has been around for quite some time. Laws have been set allowing it and banning it during different periods of time. The procedures that can be done are all very different. There is a medical abortion involving drugs and there are surgical abortion involving a more invasive procedure. There are also different points of view on it. There are those who fully support the termination of a pregnancy and those who are completely against it. There are many factors to consider and very differentRead MoreAbortion And Abortion2038 Words   |  9 PagesMostly seen as a religious issue, abortions are anything but that. Biology and science are the only deciding factors when it comes down to it. Science is the only thing that can prove whether an unborn child is living; no religion can do that. Through modern science and technology, it has been proven and well documented that human life does in fact begin at conception. The scientific evidence also contradicted the court ruling in the Roe v. Wade case, where it was stated that the Court could notRead MoreAbortion : The Fight For Abortion1543 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough abortion was decriminalized in 1973, the fight for abortion rights did not end with Roe v. Wade. Just in the past three years, there have been systematic restrictions on abortion rights sweeping the country sate by state. In 2013, 22 states enacted 70 antiabortion measures, including pre-viability abortion bans, unnecessary doctor and clinic procedures, limits on medicated abortion, and bans on insurance coverage of abortion In 2011, 92 abortion restrictions were enacted, an in 2012, thatRead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of abortion has been an ongoing debate for many years. According to ProChoice.org, abortion was legal in in the days of the early settlers . At the time that the constitution was adopted abortions were legal. Abortions were openly advertised and performed before the first fetal movement (13-16 weeks from the start of a women’s last period). The concern for abortion started in the late 1800’s when immigrants were coming into the country in large numbers and the fear was that they would produce

The Black Plague in Great Britain - 838 Words

The Medieval Era was a time of knights and castles, royals and peasants, plague and famine, war and death. In the 1300’s a devastating plague swept across of most of Europe and Asia. It killed millions of people. Upon reaching Britain it killed over one-third the population. The Black Death, in only a few years, had left a permanent mark on Britain, its economy, the feudalism system and its culture through the cause of the major population decline in the 14th century. The Black Plague or Black Death is believed to have begun near China in 1347, it spread to Europe by rats and fleas on merchant ships. It originated from fleas feeding from the blood of the rats. The infectious bile, Yersinia Pestis, in the rats blood would sometimes be transmitted to people when these fleas feeding from the rats bit a human, vomiting the rats bile into the blood of its new victim. Sometimes the fleas, and bacteria would be transmitted onto other animals increasing human risk of contamination . Once someone was infected the disease could evolve into the pneumonic form and be transmitted through the air. The Black plague was a nasty thing. There were two different versions of it. The Bubonic plague infected bodies with painful puss filled sores. The other more lethal and contagious Pneumonic plague attacked the lungs making breathing hard and often made the infected cough up blood. It lasted for about a week ending most often in death, but some did make the miraculousShow MoreRelatedSummary : Elizabethan Era 1456 Words   |  6 PagesAlchin, L.K. Elizabethan Era e.g. Retrieved May 16 2012 from www.elizabethan-era.org.uk Summary: The main purpose of this source was to touch bases on how the diseases such as the black plague and typhoid started or continued. They said that the main cause of how it kept on getting transmitted and still going on was because rodents and other insects such as rats lice and fleas kept contaminating everything. But on that subject, they barley where clean this source said. In big towns mostly everythingRead MoreNorman F. Cantor s The Black Plague978 Words   |  4 Pageswith the medieval period. In the beginning of this book, Cantor begins to describe how the black plague began and the symptoms of the black plague. The black plague was also known as the Black Death. Many have their own thoughts about how the plague started, but Cantor explains his thoughts throughout the first section of this book. According to Cantor, the plague started from a tiny flea. The black plague is thought to have started in Asia and spread through trade. Shipyards were filthy during theRead MoreEssay On The Black Death901 Words   |  4 PagesIn the middle of the fourteenth century, European experienced a disease called Black Death, which killed millions of people in six years. By spreading quickly, this disease affected not only on people’s lives but also on economic of many countries, especially those countries in Europe. Therefore, people found out some cures to end this nightmare disease. Ole J. Benedictow. â€Å"The Black Death: The Greatest Catastrophe Ever†. Published in History Today Volume 55 Issue 3 March 2005 Read MoreThe Black Plague Of Middle Ages1257 Words   |  6 Pagesenveloped Europe. The Black Plague thrived in the conditions that Europe and its climate harbored along with the filthy living conditions of European cities. The declination of population was immense and altered the way the economy, arts, and religion of Middle Aged society was structured. Carrying along with these byproducts of such a devastating epidemic are the emergence of influential artists and philosophers of the time. The Black Plague originated in China (Europe’s Plagues Came from China, StudyRead MoreThe Death Of The Black Death1380 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death was a very important time in history and, while devastating, it led to many advances in medicine due to the mass spread of a new deadly disease. The 14th Century encompassed the time period of January 1, 1301 to December 31, 1400. When this disease struck, Ole J. Benedictow calculates that it killed about 50 million people in Europe alone, which was about 60% of Europe’s population at the time. That being said, the Black Death, often referred to as the Bubonic Plague, clocked inRead More The Plague - The Black Death Essay1429 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death The Black Death is known as the worst natural disaster in European history. The plague spread throughout Europe from 1346-1352. Those who survived lived in constant fear of the plagues return and it did not disappear until the 1600s. Not only were the effects devastating at the time of infection, but during the aftermath as well. The Black Death of the fourteenth century dramatically altered Europes social and economic structure. The plague was spread by fleasRead More Plague - Bacillus Yersinia Pestis Essay1364 Words   |  6 PagesIdentification and Prevention of What Makes Life â€Å"Nasty, Brutish, and Short† Plague is caused by the bacterium bacillus Yersinia pestis, and is carried by rodents, fleas, and mammals. Plague takes three forms: bubonic, pneumonic, and septicemic. Bubonic plague affects the lymph glands, while the pneumonic and septicemic forms affect the lungs and the blood. Today, plague can be prevented by antibiotics and strict public health measures. Three methods of controlling carriers involve sanitizingRead MoreThe Black Death : A Disastrous Mortal Disease And Spread Across Europe1373 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death, so named by later historians, was a disastrous mortal disease and spread across Europe in the years 1347~1352(Hunt 416). The Black Death, now known as plague, is caused by the bacterium, Yersinia pestis. When humans are bitten by a rodent flea, humans usually get the plaque (Plague Homepage | CDC). Nowadays, the plague can be treated by antibiotics easily. However, in the middle of the 14th century, no one knew what caused the disease, and how the dis ease was transmitted to othersRead MoreThe Black Death Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death Black Death, epidemic of plague which ravaged Europe in the mid-14th century. Various forms of plague were known in the civilized world since ancient times. Greek and Roman historians described outbreaks of an epidemic disease which were sudden and deadly: at Constantinople in the 6th century AD, for example, as much as half the population may have been killed. The outbreakRead MoreThe Rise of the Mongol Empire1006 Words   |  4 Pagesmost influential ideas of the modern day. At this time of the Mongol growth, European empires fail to colonize the known world, and today are only accredited for the Roman Empire and the Black Plague. The rise of the Mongol Empire can be attributed to a famous emperor, Genghis Khan. He led his armies through the Great Wall of China and crushed the Jin Dynasty. â€Å"In the twelfth and thirteenth centuries the Mongols were far from more barbarous than their neighboring tribes. For this reason Genghis Khan

Cloud Computing Online Spatial Delivery System

Question: Describe about the "Online Spatial Delivery System". Answer: Introduction Online Spatial Delivery System (OSDS) has to be migrated to a cloud provider through PaaS model. PaaS provides the platform and environment to build the applications upon the same ("What is PaaS?", 2016). Each and every entity plays a crucial role and a phased approach needs to be followed for achieving the best results out of them. The six components that would have a significant involvement are discussed further. Remote Administration Remote Administration perform the administration tasks and activities to be done from a location that is remote (cbigconsulting.com, 2016). The use of Remote Administration is however, discouraged owing to the shortcomings that it comes with. There are multiple tools that do not scale properly. It becomes tedious for the administrators to simultaneously work upon the network with varied speeds and that too in a secure manner. Multi-platform support is another issue that is seen with the implementation of Remote Administration in the architecture. Organizations make use of different operating systems such as Linux, Windows, iOS and many other and all of them need to be supported in an efficient manner. Mobile devices are also being used by most of the organizations and the OS of those devices need support too. Use of varied tools and devices with different platforms and operating systems is difficult to manage by the remote administrator. Regulatory requirements such as encryption, authentication and access controls also appear as an issue in the implementation of remote administration (sans.org, 2016). Resource Management Resource Management is the next in the list for successful implementation and migration of the services and applications on the cloud. There are multiple resources across various departments that are associated with OSDS. The key resources are as listed below. Business owners Database admin and team Operations head and team Development team Design team Network team Network admin Support and maintenance team DSI needs to develop strategies to efficiently mannage resources and other departments. The basic step in achieveing the same is to find answers to the following list of questions. Is there an already implemented resource tagging strategy in place? What is the internal resource management team that is associated with DSI and how does it link to the overall company model? What is the process that is used in the allocation of resources to a particular project or department? Is the metadata that is available with the company sufficient or further additions are required? (s3.amazonaws.com, 2016) There are a number of advantages for this component as: There is an automated and centralized repository where all the information and the resources and their management is contained ("Project Resource Management Benefits | Innotas", 2016) There is a transparency that is formed between the employee and the employer It becomes easier to manage the change along with the time sheets (Singh, 2013) A bridge is formed connecting the employees and the employer with the goals that have been set ("Human Resource Management (HRM) - duties, benefits", 2016). There is an improved resource utilization that leads to increased productivity and efficiency. SLA Management Service Level Agreement (SLA) Management is a contract that is signed between the service user and the service provider. In case of OSDS, the service user is DSI and the service provider is the cloud provider. Levels of SLA in SLA Management OSDS has its base as cloud computing. Shared access is the prime feature of the technology (Bose et al., 2011). The following factors play a crucial role in OSDS: The services that have been confirmed and have attained go-ahead between OSDS and the cloud provider The team that deals with supply chains and its management The assigned roles and designated responsibilities of each and every team member The role of internal partners in every service Every minute detail around the service such as description and cost High level flow chart depicting the major and critical factors Performance indicators (mitsm.de, 2016) Application Resilience Every application and service has a set of requirements and specification that have a higher priority and are critical for the same. There are High Availability (HA) requirements that are present in OSDS and it is necessary to fulfill these without any failures. It is suggested that a planned business strategy covering the below mentioned points should be set up for attaining best results: An application that is fault tolerant in nature which means that availability and reliability are maintained at all times Use of best practices and techniques Supreme measures for data storage Cloud architecture Data Storage and Backup Big Data tools and databases such as NoSQL can be used for efficienct storage and backup of the information associated with OSDS. NoSQL is the database that performs the Big Data Analytics with extreme ease. It provides rich visualization for creation of reports and documents that support the analytics results. It allows the flexible mode of exploration that is on the basis of various parameters such as time, geographical locations, revenues, quantities and many more. Predictive analysis with powerful and advanced algorithms such as classification, regression and exploration is also possible with the help of NoSQL (Pentaho, 2016). NoSQL consists of thousands of APIs as well. (Goes, J. 2016). Here are some of the examples of NoSQL databases: MongoDB It is an open source agile database that offers scalability, supreme performance and high availability. Elasticsearch It is the database that provides the much in demand RESTful web interface on a multitenant-capable full-text search engine. CouchDB It is a document storage database that is used to query the indexes through web browsers with the use of HTTP. MarkLogicServer It is an enterprise level database that provides a unified solution to all the analytics requirements. Terrastore It is an advanced database that promises consistency along with the scalability and supreme performance in the document and data storage and indexing (Big Data Made Simple - One source. Many perspectives., 2014). Disaster Recovery There are a number of risks that are associated with the cloud services and the measures need to be adapted such that the impact of harm in occurrence of such an event is minimum and the services are brough back to normal in a quick turnaround time. These are the measures that should be adopted to avoid the risks at the first place and recover from the same. Preventative These are the primary points of security that must be present in any organization and its architecture such as use of anti-virus, set up of firewalls and physical security measures such as guards at entry points and use if an identity check. Reactive These come in the picture when the event has already taken place. Detective Measures such as intrusion detection and motion detection fall in this category of countermeasures Administrative There are always a defined policy or a set of guidelines that is associated in the business strategy. These measures make sure that all the processes adhere to the same. Disaster Recovery (DR) in cloud computing is the method to have proper backup and recovery strategy in place which focuses upon management of data on the cloud. DR would allow the recovery process to be enabled in multiple locations (Kiblin, 2011). There are a number of strategies that have been developed in order to have a correct DR procedure (aws.amazon.com, 2016). Cloud for disaster recovery is a viable option for DSI both from the financial perspective and from the control perspective as well (Dix, 2016). Conclusions Opportunities and Risks OSDS is a collection of web services and application that is based on the PaaS model of cloud computing. In order to migrate OSDS to a cloud provider, there are six components that play a crucial role in deciding the success of the migration process. The first in the list is remote administration that does suffer from certain shortcoming such as inadequate multi-platform support. Resource management and SLA management are also significant to manage the asserts and agreement at the service level. Application resilience revolves around the High Availability (HA) requirements and there are also measures to correctly store and recover the data in case of a disaster. Cloud suffers from certain potential and probable risks as well that mainly revolve around data protection and information security. These risks include loss of data, accessing of the data by an unauthorized user, denial of services, attack of malicious software, spoofing, phishing and inadequate due diligence. Such risks possess a threat to the confidentiality, integrity and authneticty of the information, Use of authorizations measures along with proper access controls are mandatory to protect the data belonging to OSDS. The data associated is private and confidential in nature and the landing of the same in unauthorized hands could be extremely adverse for DSI. ("Risks of cloud computing | Queensland Government", 2016). References Bose, S., Pasala, A., Ramanujam A, D., Murthy, S. and Malaiyandisamy, G. (2011). SLA Management in Cloud Computing: A Service Provider's Perspective. Cloud Computing, pp.413-436. A deep dive into NoSQL: A complete list of NoSQL databases. (2014). Big Data Made Simple - One source. Many perspectives.. Human Resource Management (HRM) - duties, benefits. (2016). Referenceforbusiness.com. Retrieved 21 May 2016 Kiblin, T. (2011). How To Use Cloud Computing For Disaster Recovery. CRN. Retrieved 21 May 2016 mitsm.de,. (2016). Mitsm.de. Retrieved 21 May 2016 Pentaho and NoSQL Databases. (2016). Pentaho. Retrieved 21 May 2016.

Life of Abdur Rahman

Introduction: General Overview of Afghanistan in the 19th Century During the Anglo-Afghan wars, Afghanistan experienced the recession of traditional authority and the advent of new models and state regimes in the end of the nineteenth century. The governors of the country found themselves under unusual circumstances when becoming more reliable on the British sway because they made the Afghan nation to take anti-foreign orientation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Life of Abdur Rahman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The domestic policy of the rulers was oriented on a more powerful central government, but it failed to fulfill this policy until the advent of Amir Abdur Rahman in 1880 (Barfield , 2010, p. 12). During the reign of Abdur Rahman, the Afghan population did not participate in ruling the government since the Amir believed that that all rules should hold the power apart from people. Although his model of g overnment has long been dead, it has still perpetuated in the history of the country. In this paper, it is necessary to analyze the sources related to this topic in terms of limitation and benefits, biases of the sources, and the extent to which authors manage to disclose the topic at issue. Opportunities and Limitations as Presented by the Style Sources Much research and analysis is dedicated to the life and reign of Abdur Rahman, Amir of Afghanistan. Paradoxically, all of them reveal historical background with regard to history of other countries and geographical location of the country. However, there are few sources dedicated to the significance and consequences of the model of government established by this notorious ruler. In particular, certain sources present exhaustive information about chronological events taking place on the territory of Afghanistan in the 19th century to explain reasons and underpinning of Rahman’s regime. A quite comprehensive and reliable source is a biographical narration presented by Abd al-Rahman Khan published in 1900 where the Amir of Afghanistan provides his outlook on the political system in the country as well as policies we implemented to enhancing the power of the nation. A particular attention deserves Chapter 4, A Few Details in My Daily Life where the rule discloses the scope of his reign as well as the routine of his life. The narration is of great value for the topic because Rahman’s reflections on the political system and on the creation of the new form of the government provide us with veritable reasons and historical explanations why it was necessary to establish this regime.Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The book also uniquely represents Rahman’s attitude and vision of future government and, therefore, it permits to understand the events taking place in the end of 19th century from his point of view. Importantly, the narration is presented in the first person so that readers can pursue the autobiography of the Amir who contributed to the rapid transformation of the history of Afghanistan. It also allows to evaluate his attitude to foreign and domestic policy and his place in forming the new government. In Chapter 4, Rahman (1900) states, â€Å"God has created me for His service, to care for the nation. He has intrusted to my care†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 96). Other sources are presented in the form of a historical and political analysis of the period under consideration and Rahman’s place in the transformation of the Afghan government. Nevertheless, there are still some discrepancies in representing the facts connected to the topic. In particular, Chatterji (1973), Noelle (1997), and Aghajanian and Blood (2007) historically approach the analysis of the nineteenth-century Afghanistan and provide all event chronologically. Therefore the style of sources is quite identical where the authors start with overall exploration of the historical situation in the beginning of the 19th century, proceed to the analysis of the Anglo-Afghan wars and end with the analysis of Rahnan’s governance. However, a comparative analysis reveals that Noelle (1997) provides a bit different techniques in analyzing the history of the state via the analysis of the sway of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan. Hussain (2005) provides the historical panorama of Afghanistan through the display of tribal conflicts. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using the Sources for Historical Study A closer analysis of Rahman’s autobiographical narrations reveals that the book has a significant historical value for historical studies of the topic at issue. While estimating the source, it is possible to define Rahman’s attitude to his political position and his attitude to his work: â€Å"It is a curious thing that the harder I work the more anxious I am to continue working instead of getting tired† (1900, p. 78).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Life of Abdur Rahman specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, the main benefit of the source lies in a possibility of objective evaluation of other related sources with regard to this one. In other worlds, the source may serve as the pivot for assessing the reliability and validity of other sources. It also grants a possibility to present personal estimation of the topic. However, the source does not provide strict and accurate facts and objective evaluation of the political and cultural situation in the country because the author puts forward a purely subjective vision of the government. Hamilton (2002) provides a historical and political overview of the Afghanistan in the 19th century and the role of Abdur Rahman in the formation of the modern state. More importantly, the author accentuates the external influences on the country from the p art of the British government. The same structure is pursued in Barfield book called Afghanistan: A Cultural and Political History. The author identifies the period of the government transformation and describes the chain events that triggered the formation of a new political model. Although does not provides consistent information about the reign of Abdur Rahman, they are still appropriate and useful for the topic exploration because the chapters are closely connected with the analysis of Afghanistan in the 19th century. Although the sources reveal a comprehensive picture of historic events in Afghanistan in combination, they still fail to outline all aspects of cultural and political life in the times of the reign of Amir Abdur Rahman. Authors Biases As Presented in the Sources under Analysis Despite the fact that all sources reveal different angles and styles of the topic, there are still some biases in disclosing the cultural and political overview of nineteenth century Afghanis tan. Particular considerations concerns the sources presented historical outline of the period with no focus on some important moments (Noelle, 1997; Hussain, 2005, Chatterji, 1973). Viewing these source from the perspective of the autobiographical narration, they fail present a high level of relevance to the topic. However, Aghajanian and Blood (2007) and Barfield are more successful in approving the data presented in the original work (Rahman, 1900).Advertising Looking for essay on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion In general, all sources under consideration are pertinent to the topic investigated and provide exhaustive information about cultural, political, and social situation in Afghanistan in the 19th century. Despite different views on the topic, the sources still manage to cover all aspects of topic when combined. Reference List Aghajanian, A. and Blood, P. R. (2007). Afghanistan: Past and Present/Comprised of Afghanistan, a Country Study and Country Profile: Afghanistan. LC: Indian-European Publishing. Barfield, T. (2010). Afghanistan: A Cultural and Political History. US: Princeton University Press. ] Chatterji, N. C. (1973). Muddle of the Middle East. India: Abhinav Publications. Hamilton, A. (2002). Problems of the Middle East. US: Elibron.com. Hissain, R. (2005). Pakistan and the Emergence of Islamic militancy in Afghanistan. US: Ashgate Publishing. Ltd. Rahman, A. (1900). The Life of Abdur Rahman, Amir of Afghanistan. US: Adamant Media Corporation. Noelle, C. (1997). Sta te and tribe in nineteenth-century Afghanistan: the reign of Amir Dost Muhammad Khan. NY: Routledge. This essay on Life of Abdur Rahman was written and submitted by user Alia K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.